GEMV 0: Basic CSL Syntax¶

This example is the first in a series of successive example programs demonstrating CSL and the SDK by implementing a general matrix-vector product, or GEMV.

We start by illustrating the syntax of some of CSL’s core language constructs. The code in this example is not a complete program, but it shows some of the most commonly used CSL features.

CSL’s syntax is like that of Zig. Despite the similarity, both the purpose and the implementation of the CSL compiler are different from that of the Zig compiler.

Types¶

CSL includes some basic types:

bool for boolean values
i16 and i32 for 16- and 32-bit signed integers
u16 and u32 for 16- and 32-bit unsigned integers
f16 and f32 for 16- and 32-bit IEEE-754 floating point numbers

In addition to the above, CSL also supports array types and pointer types. Their use will be illustrated in subsequent examples.

Functions¶

Functions are declared using the fn keyword. The compiler provides special functions called Builtins, whose names start with @ and whose implementation is provided by the compiler. All CSL builtins are described in Builtins.

Conditional Statements and Loops¶

CSL includes if statements and while and for loops. These are described in greater detail in the subsequent example programs.

Note

See GEMV Tutorial 0: Basic CSL Syntax for a step-by-step walkthrough of this example.

code.csl¶

// Not a complete program; we include it here for illustrating some syntax

// Every variable must be declared either "const" or "var"
// Const cannot be modified after declaration, but var can

// Constants defining dimensions of our matrix
const M: i16 = 4;
const N: i16 = 6;

// 48 kB of global memory contain A, x, b, y
var A: [M*N]f32; // A is stored in row-major order
var x: [N]f32;
var b: [M]f32;
var y: [M]f32;

// Initialize matrix and vectors
fn initialize() void {
  // for loop with range syntax
  // loops over 0, 1, ...., M*N-1
  // idx stores the loop index
  for (@range(i16, M*N)) |idx| {
    // @as casts idx from i16 to f32
    A[idx] = @as(f32, idx);
  }

  for (@range(i16, N)) |j| {
    x[j] = 1.0;
  }

  // while loop with iterator syntax
  var i: i16 = 0;
  while (i < M) : (i += 1) {
    b[i] = 2.0;
    y[i] = 0.0;
  }
}

// Compute gemv
fn gemv() void {
  for (@range(i16, M)) |i| {
    var tmp: f32 = 0.0;
    for (@range(i16, N)) |j| {
      tmp += A[i*N + j] * x[j];
    }
    y[i] = tmp + b[i];
  }
}

// Call initialize and gemv functions
fn init_and_compute() void {
  initialize();
  gemv();
}

SDK Documentation (1.2.0)

GEMV 0: Basic CSL Syntax

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